Ultrafiltration (UF) is a membrane filtration process similar to Reverse Osmosis, using hydrostatic pressure to force water through a semi-permeable membrane. The pore size of the ultrafiltration membrane is usually 103 - 106 Daltons. Ultrafiltration (UF) is a pressure-driven barrier to suspended solids, bacteria, viruses, endotoxins and other pathogens to produce water with very high purity and low silt density. Ultrafiltration (UF) is a variety of membrane filtration in which hydrostatic pressure forces a liquid against a semi permeable membrane. Suspended solids and solutes of high molecular weight are retained, while water and low molecular weight solutes pass through the membrane. Ultrafiltration is not fundamentally different from reverse osmosis, microfiltration or nanofiltration, except in terms of the size of the molecules it retains. A membrane or, more properly, a semi permeable membrane, is a thin layer of material capable of separating substances when a driving force is applied across the membrane. Once considered a viable technology only for desalination, membrane processes are increasingly employed for removal of bacteria and other microorganisms, particulate material, and natural organic material, which can impart color, tastes, and odors to the water and react with disinfectants to form disinfection byproducts (DBP). As advancements are made in membrane production and module design, capital and operating costs continue to decline. The pressure-driven membrane processes discussed in this fact sheet are microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), and reverse osmosis (RO).

Ultrafiltration (UF) is a membrane filtration process similar to Reverse Osmosis, using hydrostatic pressure to force water through a semi-permeable membrane. The pore size of the ultrafiltration membrane is usually 103 - 106 Daltons. Ultrafiltration (UF) is a pressure-driven barrier to suspended solids, bacteria, viruses, endotoxins and other pathogens to produce water with very high purity and low silt density. Ultrafiltration (UF) is a variety of membrane filtration in which hydrostatic pressure forces a liquid against a semi permeable membrane. Suspended solids and solutes of high molecular weight are retained, while water and low molecular weight solutes pass through the membrane. Ultrafiltration is not fundamentally different from reverse osmosis, microfiltration or nanofiltration, except in terms of the size of the molecules it retains. A membrane or, more properly, a semi permeable membrane, is a thin layer of material capable of separating substances when a driving force is applied across the membrane. Once considered a viable technology only for desalination, membrane processes are increasingly employed for removal of bacteria and other microorganisms, particulate material, and natural organic material, which can impart color, tastes, and odors to the water and react with disinfectants to form disinfection byproducts (DBP). As advancements are made in membrane production and module design, capital and operating costs continue to decline. The pressure-driven membrane processes discussed in this fact sheet are microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), and reverse osmosis (RO).

Ambient air is drawn in by the fan and passed over the evaporator. The evaporator cools the air, i.e. it extracts the heat it contains. In the evaporator, the heat removed is transferred to the working fluid (refrigerant). With the aid of an electrically driven compressor, the absorbed heat is “pumped” to a higher temperature level through an increase in pressure and given off to the heating water via the condenser (heat exchanger). In so doing, the electrical energy is used to raise the heat of the environment to a higher temperature level. Due to the fact that the heat energy extracted from the air is transferred to the heating water, this type of appliance is referred to as an air source heat pump. The air source heat pump consists of the following main components: Evaporator, fan and expansion valve as well as the low-noise compressor, the condenser and the electric control unit consisting of branded equipment for controlling and safety devices for protection of Compressor, pump etc. against any variations in voltage, current. Also consists of trip devices, if any parameters not available for smooth running of Heat Pump. The Heat Pump is connected to a Hot Water Storage Tank which is made of 4 mm M.S. Sheet, is insulated with rock wool, for maximum temperature sustenance.. Once the temperature in Tank reaches 55°C the machine automatically shuts down and again re-starts when the temperature reduces to 52°C. There is 24 x 7 uninterrupted Hot Water for the whole year, unconditional to any seasons or weather, unlike solar heaters which are completely dependent on Weather conditions.

Ambient air is drawn in by the fan and passed over the evaporator. The evaporator cools the air, i.e. it extracts the heat it contains. In the evaporator, the heat removed is transferred to the working fluid (refrigerant). With the aid of an electrically driven compressor, the absorbed heat is “pumped” to a higher temperature level through an increase in pressure and given off to the heating water via the condenser (heat exchanger). In so doing, the electrical energy is used to raise the heat of the environment to a higher temperature level. Due to the fact that the heat energy extracted from the air is transferred to the heating water, this type of appliance is referred to as an air source heat pump. The air source heat pump consists of the following main components: Evaporator, fan and expansion valve as well as the low-noise compressor, the condenser and the electric control unit consisting of branded equipment for controlling and safety devices for protection of Compressor, pump etc. against any variations in voltage, current. Also consists of trip devices, if any parameters not available for smooth running of Heat Pump. The Heat Pump is connected to a Hot Water Storage Tank which is made of 4 mm M.S. Sheet, is insulated with rock wool, for maximum temperature sustenance.. Once the temperature in Tank reaches 55°C the machine automatically shuts down and again re-starts when the temperature reduces to 52°C. There is 24 x 7 uninterrupted Hot Water for the whole year, unconditional to any seasons or weather, unlike solar heaters which are completely dependent on Weather conditions.

Ambient air is drawn in by the fan and passed over the evaporator. The evaporator cools the air, i.e. it extracts the heat it contains. In the evaporator, the heat removed is transferred to the working fluid (refrigerant). With the aid of an electrically driven compressor, the absorbed heat is “pumped” to a higher temperature level through an increase in pressure and given off to the heating water via the condenser (heat exchanger). In so doing, the electrical energy is used to raise the heat of the environment to a higher temperature level. Due to the fact that the heat energy extracted from the air is transferred to the heating water, this type of appliance is referred to as an air source heat pump. The air source heat pump consists of the following main components: Evaporator, fan and expansion valve as well as the low-noise compressor, the condenser and the electric control unit consisting of branded equipment for controlling and safety devices for protection of Compressor, pump etc. against any variations in voltage, current. Also consists of trip devices, if any parameters not available for smooth running of Heat Pump. The Heat Pump is connected to a Hot Water Storage Tank which is made of 4 mm M.S. Sheet, is insulated with rock wool, for maximum temperature sustenance.. Once the temperature in Tank reaches 55°C the machine automatically shuts down and again re-starts when the temperature reduces to 52°C. There is 24 x 7 uninterrupted Hot Water for the whole year, unconditional to any seasons or weather, unlike solar heaters which are completely dependent on Weather conditions.

Ambient air is drawn in by the fan and passed over the evaporator. The evaporator cools the air, i.e. it extracts the heat it contains. In the evaporator, the heat removed is transferred to the working fluid (refrigerant). With the aid of an electrically driven compressor, the absorbed heat is “pumped” to a higher temperature level through an increase in pressure and given off to the heating water via the condenser (heat exchanger). In so doing, the electrical energy is used to raise the heat of the environment to a higher temperature level. Due to the fact that the heat energy extracted from the air is transferred to the heating water, this type of appliance is referred to as an air source heat pump. The air source heat pump consists of the following main components: Evaporator, fan and expansion valve as well as the low-noise compressor, the condenser and the electric control unit consisting of branded equipment for controlling and safety devices for protection of Compressor, pump etc. against any variations in voltage, current. Also consists of trip devices, if any parameters not available for smooth running of Heat Pump. The Heat Pump is connected to a Hot Water Storage Tank which is made of 4 mm M.S. Sheet, is insulated with rock wool, for maximum temperature sustenance.. Once the temperature in Tank reaches 55°C the machine automatically shuts down and again re-starts when the temperature reduces to 52°C. There is 24 x 7 uninterrupted Hot Water for the whole year, unconditional to any seasons or weather, unlike solar heaters which are completely dependent on Weather conditions.

Ambient air is drawn in by the fan and passed over the evaporator. The evaporator cools the air, i.e. it extracts the heat it contains. In the evaporator, the heat removed is transferred to the working fluid (refrigerant). With the aid of an electrically driven compressor, the absorbed heat is “pumped” to a higher temperature level through an increase in pressure and given off to the heating water via the condenser (heat exchanger). In so doing, the electrical energy is used to raise the heat of the environment to a higher temperature level. Due to the fact that the heat energy extracted from the air is transferred to the heating water, this type of appliance is referred to as an air source heat pump. The air source heat pump consists of the following main components: Evaporator, fan and expansion valve as well as the low-noise compressor, the condenser and the electric control unit consisting of branded equipment for controlling and safety devices for protection of Compressor, pump etc. against any variations in voltage, current. Also consists of trip devices, if any parameters not available for smooth running of Heat Pump. The Heat Pump is connected to a Hot Water Storage Tank which is made of 4 mm M.S. Sheet, is insulated with rock wool, for maximum temperature sustenance.. Once the temperature in Tank reaches 55°C the machine automatically shuts down and again re-starts when the temperature reduces to 52°C. There is 24 x 7 uninterrupted Hot Water for the whole year, unconditional to any seasons or weather, unlike solar heaters which are completely dependent on Weather conditions.

Ambient air is drawn in by the fan and passed over the evaporator. The evaporator cools the air, i.e. it extracts the heat it contains. In the evaporator, the heat removed is transferred to the working fluid (refrigerant). With the aid of an electrically driven compressor, the absorbed heat is “pumped” to a higher temperature level through an increase in pressure and given off to the heating water via the condenser (heat exchanger). In so doing, the electrical energy is used to raise the heat of the environment to a higher temperature level. Due to the fact that the heat energy extracted from the air is transferred to the heating water, this type of appliance is referred to as an air source heat pump. The air source heat pump consists of the following main components: Evaporator, fan and expansion valve as well as the low-noise compressor, the condenser and the electric control unit consisting of branded equipment for controlling and safety devices for protection of Compressor, pump etc. against any variations in voltage, current. Also consists of trip devices, if any parameters not available for smooth running of Heat Pump. The Heat Pump is connected to a Hot Water Storage Tank which is made of 4 mm M.S. Sheet, is insulated with rock wool, for maximum temperature sustenance.. Once the temperature in Tank reaches 55°C the machine automatically shuts down and again re-starts when the temperature reduces to 52°C. There is 24 x 7 uninterrupted Hot Water for the whole year, unconditional to any seasons or weather, unlike solar heaters which are completely dependent on Weather conditions.

Ultrafiltration (UF) is a membrane filtration process similar to Reverse Osmosis, using hydrostatic pressure to force water through a semi-permeable membrane. The pore size of the ultrafiltration membrane is usually 103 - 106 Daltons. Ultrafiltration (UF) is a pressure-driven barrier to suspended solids, bacteria, viruses, endotoxins and other pathogens to produce water with very high purity and low silt density. Ultrafiltration (UF) is a variety of membrane filtration in which hydrostatic pressure forces a liquid against a semi permeable membrane. Suspended solids and solutes of high molecular weight are retained, while water and low molecular weight solutes pass through the membrane. Ultrafiltration is not fundamentally different from reverse osmosis, microfiltration or nanofiltration, except in terms of the size of the molecules it retains. A membrane or, more properly, a semi permeable membrane, is a thin layer of material capable of separating substances when a driving force is applied across the membrane. Once considered a viable technology only for desalination, membrane processes are increasingly employed for removal of bacteria and other microorganisms, particulate material, and natural organic material, which can impart color, tastes, and odors to the water and react with disinfectants to form disinfection byproducts (DBP). As advancements are made in membrane production and module design, capital and operating costs continue to decline. The pressure-driven membrane processes discussed in this fact sheet are microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), and reverse osmosis (RO).