5 stages beneficial microorganisms bed layer primary principle enclosed tank effluent enters filtration disinfection sustainable management day life active microorganisms waste water water usage sludge effluent treated water digested sludge remove contaminants remove pollutants pollutants minimizing treating wastewater treating sewage chemical processes solid materials sustainable practices evolve striving populations grow purify water collecting treating sourcing treating wide range effectively managing safe water pivotal role premises water capacity requirements crucial role apartments plays water majorly frozen state 70 fresh water fresh water recycle water carbon dioxide reverse osmosis sand filters uv radiation remote areas evolved significantly clear liquid coagulation flocculation aerobic conditions trickling filters stable forms primary sedimentation grit chamber water body inorganic wastes high quantity households hotels effluent resulting sludge produced wastewater industry effective treatment treatment depending ozone treatment wastewater generated organic pollutants physical biological society industry industry encompasses large solids stp plant sources making treat sewage biological treatment solids sludge organic wastes washing toilet organic matter reuse treated water sewage treatment plant disposal sludge generated wastewater industry plays sewage treatment plantstp secondary sedimentation sludge wastewater industry continues primary treatment consists organic matter settling biological activities resulting fine solids formation treat sewage outlet treat sewage properly enter water sources organic solids resulting enhance natural processes distributing potable water washing bathing toilet fostering water sustainability undergoes tertiary treatmentdisinfection repurposing electrochemical methods undergoes secondary treatment decompose organic matter bacterial activities secondary stages primarypreliminary secondary fine solids settle suspended solids settle meets quality standards anaerobic digestion dewatering environmental concerns intensify mitigate environmental pollution microbial actions oxidize increasing infrastructural development